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Temperatures

Worldclim database

Download at ​http://www.worldclim.org/current and choose ESRI grids see temperature download and load for processing
Documentation at ​http://www.worldclim.org/worldclim_IJC.pdf

Covered period : 1950-2000 from January to December
The data layers were generated through interpolation of average monthly climate data from weather stations on a 30 arc-second resolution grid (often referred to as "1 km2" resolution). Variables included are monthly total precipitation, and monthly mean, minimum and maximum temperature, and 19 derived bioclimatic variables.

The thin-plate smoothing spline algorithm implemented in the ANUSPLIN package for interpolation, using latitude, longitude, and elevation as independent variables was used.

CRU database

Download temperature from the CRU database at ​http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/temperature/#datdow

It's easily to use the Tetyn software to extract the data
​http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VHC-4RH2T1F-3&_user=5403746&_coverDate=07%2F31%2F2008&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1314310325&_rerunOrigin=google&_acct=C000037979&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=5403746&md5=60ff8632e9c28071cdf136797df0a660

or at ​http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/
You can download Tetyn at : ​http://sourceforge.net/projects/tetyn/

Covered period : 1850-2009 (Anomalies are relative to the 1961-90 reference period means.) from January to December.
It's land air temperature anomalies on a 5° by 5° grid-box basis.
3000 monthly station temperature time series are used. The number of available stations was small during the 1850s, but increases to over 3000 stations during the 1951-90 period.

Annual values are approximately accurate to +/- 0.05°C (two standard errors) for the period since 1951.

Data represent temperature anomalies wrt 1961-90 °C
Missing values represented by -1.000e+30
Absolute is just the twelve monthly averages for 1961-90: there are no years